Honda’s solar vision

Although Honda hasn’t yet produced a solar car, the company has started work on a home solar hydrogen station prototype.  The idea is that people will be able to use it as a home refuelling system for their fuel cell electric vehicles.

It has been designed to fit into a single unit that could be placed inside a user’s garage.  The Solar Hydrogen Station has been designed with Honda’s first and only hydrogen production car – the FCX Clarity – in mind.

The solar hydrogen station could produce 0.5kg during an eight hour overnight fill for a fuel cell electric vehicle. This would provide enough range for daily commuting – up to 10,000 miles per year.

A previous solar hydrogen station produced by Honda was very bulky, as it required a separate compressor unit in order to produce high pressure hydrogen.  This also reduced the system efficiency.  Honda engineers have refined the electrolyser with high differential pressure and in so doing, have eliminated the need for a compressor unit altogether. The result is that it’s now possible to reduce the station down to a size that is suitable for home use.

This was an important stage in development as it would make it more acceptable for those motorists with small garages or people who live in apartment blocks and have shared parking areas.

Using the Solar Hydrogen Station people could refill their vehicle at night without having to store hydrogen, and carbon dioxide emissions would be reduced as the unit uses off peak electrical power.   The Solar Hydrogen Station could also export electricity to the national grid during peak power daytime hours.  This would be financially beneficial to the customer.

Honda hopes that the combination of home solar hydrogen stations and fuel cell electric vehicles will lead to the setting up of a hydrogen society, which will reduce carbon dioxide emissions dramatically, and lead to greater energy sustainability.

However, for the moment, the Solar Hydrogen Station remains in the R&D department of Honda America in Los Angeles.

Solar powered transport coming …eventually

At the moment, solar technology has not been developed enough to make solar production cars a real possibility.  The photovoltaic cells which power solar panels convert the sun’s energy into electricity have to take up so much surface area that it’s just not practical on a normal car.

Solar power concept cars have panels that cover the whole of the car’s body and they cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.

A French prototype solar and wind powered car was showcased at Paris Auto Show in 2006. However, it’s not very practical as it has a maximum of 30 mph and is not street legal.

For people who want to drive low emission cars now, they are better advised to choose a hybrid or electric vehicle.

While it may be sometime yet before solar powered cars become a real on the road possibility for drivers there are already car-based solar gadgets.

To avoid greater fuel consumption through overuse of the air conditioning system, you can now buy a solar powered car ventilator.  It fits on top of a car window with a solar panel that faces out. It works by drawing hot air out of the car and replacing it with cooler air from the outside – a bit like the principle on which a fridge runs.

Not necessarily just for use in the car, but handy to have in the glove compartment, is a universal charger that can charge items such as mobile phones and satnavs with solar energy. The Solio Universal Hybrid Charger recharges pretty much any handheld device, including a wide variety of mobile phone brands. The battery stores energy for up to a year and can be recharged by the sun or by plugging into the mains socket.

And if you drive a hybrid, models like the Toyota Prius now come with an option to have a solar roof panel that increases the electric motor’s battery range.

Sunshine powered cars

Sunshine powered cars are still a long way off from being a common sight on the UK’s often rain-soaked roads, but with all the advances in solar power technology, it’s hard to imagine that we won’t see them eventually.
And it’s already possible to use solar energy to reduce the amount of fuel consumption of certain cars. You can buy solar enhancement kits which are easily fitted to existing hybrids, and offer a way of recharging the electric motor’s battery with solar power.
There is also the possibility of installing solar roof panels on your garage which can then provide the energy to charge plug-in hybrid vehicles.  Whilst this feature is not yet so common among hybrid cars in the UK, sales of plug-in hybrids have already really taken off in the States, and it’s only a question of time before the UK and the rest of Europe follow suit.
For now though, the best way to see solar powered transport in action is with the test vehicles that have been built and designed around the world by enthusiasts.  The latest speed record to be set for a solar powered car was achieved by a group of Australian students in January 2011.
Their solar car, the Sunswift IV, looks more like one large solar panel with a cabin for a single passenger attached to it than a car.  It reached a record speed of 88 km per hour, breaking the previous record by over 10 km per hour.
The Ivy, another Australian solar powered car, which gets its power from silicon solar cells, managed to hit a maximum speed of 103 km per hour in 2009 at a naval base in New South Wales.  However, as the run was unofficial, the attempt hasn’t been included in the record books.

Solar enhanced driving

The prospect of seeing a regular car totally powered by solar is still a long way off.  This is mainly due to the high production cost of the photovoltaic cells used to capture the sun’s power and also the amount of space required to produce the equivalent energy as an internal combustion engine. A pure solar car would need an extremely large surface area covered in solar panels – not always conducive to the design of the best family car.
There are other design considerations.  Solar panels are mainly designed for stationary installations – like sloping roofs on buildings.  Mobile solar panels need to withstand vibrations and the weight that they add to a car needs to be factored in to fuel economy calculations.  For PV panels to be useful, the energy they produce must exceed the fuel consumption caused by their weight.
However, there are now ways to make hybrid vehicles better on fuel economy through the addition of solar power –  or solar enhancement. Some hybrids come with the option of a pre-installed solar roof panel, like the Toyota Prius.  And a company in California has invented a recharging system for hybrid vehicles which runs completely on solar power and can be installed relatively easily on an existing hybrid car.
The Solar Electric Vehicle system includes a solar panel fitted to the car roof and a supplementary battery pack. Energy from the sun is used to charge both the supplementary battery and the hybrid car’s own battery pack.  The SEV system allows extended driving range when a hybrid is in electric mode.
A French car manufacturer, Venturi, has already produced an electric-solar hybrid, with roof solar panels that help power the electric engine.  It has a range of thirty miles and a top speed of about 30mph.
So while we may have to wait a number of years for cars that run on pure solar energy, there are increasing ways to make cars on the road today more environmentally-friendly and achieve better fuel economy through solar enhancement.

Calling all of you out there with Sloping rooves!

Wow, free electricity for you home!  Sounds good, so what’s the catch?  Apparently, the Government in the UK is hoping to cut your domestic consumption of electricity by persuading you to get solar panels for your home.  I’m afraid my first reaction was pretty dismissive but, having looked into it, I’ve done a U-turn … and I didn’t think I was for turning!

Getting Solar Panels for your home is a way to generate energy from the sun.  It will create electricity and/or pre-heat water for your family.  Solar Photo-Voltaic (PV) panels will enable you to use your self-generated electricity, then receive a small tariff payment for what is left over that you then supply to the National Grid.  [Read more...]

Solar Electricity

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